References

There is an enormous wealth of information on the plants of East Anglia, dating back to the very earliest times of natural history recording in the UK. Gradually a great number of books have been written, bringing us up to modern times, when websites have started to replace books as identification resources. This site has drawn heavily on the work of others, but hopefully will be seen as being unique in pulling so many other resources together into a single location, and thus saving anyone seeking to identify a plant from having to search in many different places for a possible answer.

The purpose of this site is to aid with the quick identification of any plant found wild or at large in the wider countryside. It is not intended as a replacement to a good set of reference books and does not cover such areas as identifying plants on vegetative characters (other than some woody plants, ferns etc), plant ecology, distibution and so on. For those subjects there is a great wealth of information available in good reference books and I do not seek to encourage anyone away from investing in a good set of identification guides and a working set of references.

Many books, websites and other resources were used in the making of this site and all such resources considered to be worthy of consultation are recognized, thanked with gratitude and listed here.



Field guides

Blamey, M., R. Fitter & A. Fitter, 2003. Wild Flowers of Britain & Ireland. A & C Black, London.
Johnson, O. & D. More, 2004. Collins Tree Guide. William Collins, London.
Peterson, R.T. & M. McKenny, 1968. A Field Guides to Wildflowers - Northeastern/North-central North America. Houghton Mifflin co., New York.
Poland, J. & E. Clement, 2009. The Vegetative Key to the British Flora. BSBI, London.
Rose, F. & C. O'Reilly, 2006. The Wild Flower Key (Revised & expanded ed.). Warne, London.
Streeter, D., C. Hart-Davies, A. Hardcastle, F. Cole & L. Harper, 2016. Collins Wild Flower Guide 2nd ed. William Collins, London.


Floras

Beckett, G., & A. Bull, 1999. A Flora of Norfolk. Privately published.
Cullen, J., et. al., eds., 1995. The European Garden Flora Volume IV Dicotyledons (Part II). CUP, Cambridge.
Cullen, J., et. al., eds., 1997. The European Garden Flora Volume V Dicotyledons (Part III). CUP, Cambridge.
Cullen, J., et. al., eds., 2011. The European Garden Flora (2nd ed.) Volume I: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Cullen, J., et. al., eds., 2011. The European Garden Flora (2nd ed.) Volume II: Casuarinaceae to Cruciferae. CUP, Cambridge.
Cullen, J., et. al., eds., 2011. The European Garden Flora (2nd ed.) Volume III: Resedaceae to Cyrillaceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Cullen, J., et. al., eds., 2011. The European Garden Flora (2nd ed.) Volume IV: Aquifoliaceae to Hydrophyllaceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Cullen, J., et. al., eds., 2011. The European Garden Flora (2nd ed.) Volume V: Boraginaceae to Compositae. CUP, Cambridge.
Gleason, H.A. & A. Cronquist, 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada (2nd ed.). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
Leslie, Alan C., 2019. Flora of Cambridgeshire. Royal Horticultural Society, Peterborough.
Perring, F.H., P.D.Sell & S.M.Walters, 1964. A Flora of Cambridgeshire. CUP, Cambridgeshire.
Petch, Dr. C.P. & E.L.Swann, 1968. A Flora of Norfolk. Jarrold & Sons, Norwich.
Preston, C.D., D.A. Pearman & T.D. Dines, 2002. New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora. OUP, Oxford.
Sanford, M., 1991. The Orchids of Suffolk. Suffolk Naturalists' Society, Ipswich.
Sanford, M., & R. Fisk, 2010. A Flora of Suffolk. Privately published.
Sell, P. & G. Murrell, 1996. Flora of Great Britain & Ireland Volume 5 Butomaceae-Orchidaceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Sell, P. & G. Murrell, 2006. Flora of Great Britain & Ireland Volume 4 Campanulaceae-Asteraceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Sell, P. & G. Murrell, 2009. Flora of Great Britain & Ireland Volume 3 Mimosaceae-Lentibulariaceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Sell, P. & G. Murrell, 2014. Flora of Great Britain & Ireland Volume 2 Capparaceae-Rosaceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Sell, P. & G. Murrell, 2018. Flora of Great Britain & Ireland Volume 1 Lycopodiaceae-Salicaceae. CUP, Cambridge.
Simpson, F.W., 1982. Simpson's Flora of Suffolk. Suffolk Naturalists' Society, Ipswich.
Stace, C., 2010. New Flora of the British Isles. 3rd ed. CUP, Cambridge.
Stace, C., 2019. New Flora of the British Isles. 4th ed. C&M Floristics, Suffolk.
Swann, E.L., 1975. Supplement to the Flora of Norfolk. Crowe & Sons, Norwich.
Trist, P.J.O, ed., 1979. An Ecological Flora of Breckland. E.P.Publishing, Wakefield.
Walters, S.M., et. al., eds., 1984. The European Garden Flora Volume II Monocotyledons (Part 2). CUP, Cambridge.
Walters, S.M., et. al., eds., 1986. The European Garden Flora Volume I Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Angiospermae - Monocotyledons (Part 1). CUP, Cambridge.
Walters, S.M., et. al., eds., 1989. The European Garden Flora Volume III Dicotyledons (Part I). CUP, Cambridge.


Specialist identification guides

Akeroyd, J.R., 2014. Docks and Knotweeds of Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Barkworth, M.E., L.K. Anderton, K.M. Capels, S. Long & M.B. Piep (eds.), 2007. Manual of Grasses for North America. Utah State University Press, Logan.
Cullen, J. (ed.), 2001. Handbook of North European Garden Plants. CUP, Cambridge.
Cope, T. & A. Gray, 2009. Grasses of the British Isles. BSBI, London.
Dudman, A.A. & A.J. Richards, 1997. Dandelions of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Fryer, J. & B.Hylmo, 2009. Cotoneasters: A Comprehensive Guide to Shrubs for Flowers, Fruit, and Foliage. Timber Press, London.
Graham, G.G. & A.L.Primavesi, 1993. Roses of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Hitchcock, A.S. & A. Chase, 1971. Manual of the Grasses of the United States (2nd ed. revised). In two volumes. Dover Publications, New York.
Hubbard, C.E., 1968. Grasses (revised ed.). Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.
Jermy, A.C., D.A. Simpson, M.J.Y. Foley & M.S. Porter, 2007. Sedges of the British Isles. 3rd ed. BSBI, London.
Meikle, R.D., 1984. Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Murphy, R.J., 2009. Fumitories of Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Murphy, R.J., 2016. Evening-primroses (Oenothera) of Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Preston, C.D., 1995. Pondweeds of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Rich, T.C.G., 1991. Crucifers of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI, London.
Richards, A.J., 2021. Field Handbook to British and Irish Dandelions. BSBI, London.
Ryves, T.B., E.J.Clement & M.C.Foster, 1996. Alien Grasses of the British Isles. BSBI, London.
Tutin, T.G., 1980. Umbellifers of the British Isles. BSBI, London.


Plant communities and habitats

Lake, S., D Liley, R. Still & A. Swash, 2015. Britain's Habitats. Princeton University Press, Woodstock.
Rodwell, J.S. (ed.), 1991. British Plant Communities. Volume 1: Woodland and scrub. CUP, Cambridge.
Rodwell, J.S. (ed.), 1991. British Plant Communities. Volume 2: Mires and heaths. CUP, Cambridge.
Rodwell, J.S. (ed.), 1992. British Plant Communities. Volume 3: Grasslands and montane communities. CUP, Cambridge.
Rodwell, J.S. (ed.), 1995. British Plant Communities. Volume 4: Aquatic communities, swamp and tall-herb fens. CUP, Cambridge.
Rodwell, J.S. (ed.), 2000. British Plant Communities. Volume 5: Maritime communities and vegetation of open habitats. CUP, Cambridge.


Short papers, journals and other literature resources

Brooker, M.I.H., 1983. A Key to Eucalypts in Britain and Ireland. Forestry Commission Bulletin 50, HMSO.
Crawley, M. Key to Selected Daffodil Cultivars Likely to be Found Outside Gardens in Britain.
Crawley, M., 2010 Spring Snowdrop Identification.
Dörken, M. & H. Nimsch. A Monograph of Leaf Characters in the Genus Abies (Abietoideae, Pinaceae).
Edlin, H.L., 1966. Know Your Conifers. Forestry Commission Bulletin 15, HMSO.
Fernandes, A., 1968. Keys to the Identification of Native and Naturalized Taxa of the Genus Narcissus. The Royal Horticultural Society.
Grundmann, M. et al., 2010. Phylogeny and taxonomy of the bluebell genus Hyacinthoides, Asparagaceae [Hyacinthaceae]. TAXON 59 (1) February 2010: 68–82.
Jobling, J., 1990. Poplars for Wood Production and Amenity. Forestry Commission Bulletin 92, HMSO.
de Langhe, J., 2015. Abies Mill. (Pinaceae: Vegetative Key to Species in Cultivation. Ghent Universaity Botanical Garden.
Peruzzi, L., A. Carta & F. Garbari, 2013. Lectotypification of the name Crocus sativus var. vernus L. (Iridaceae) and its consequences within Crocus ser. Verni. TAXON 62 (5) • October 2013: 1037–1040.
Preston, C.D. & J.M. Croft, 2014. Aquatic Plants in Britain and Ireland. The Environment Agency/Institute of Terrestrial Ecology/Joint Nature Conservation Committee.
Shaw, J.M.H., Edwards, D. & David, J. 2022. A new spontaneous hybrid in Gunnera subgenus Panke (Gunneraceae) widespread in the British Isles, with notes on the typification of G. manicata. British & Irish Botany 4(3): 364-384.
Silva Pando, F.J., 2016. El Género Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) en Galicia: Claves y Descriptión.
Soltys-Lelek, A., 2008. Genus Crataegus L. in the Ojców National Park.
Trewren, K., 2014. Some Taxa Within The Dryopteris Affinis Complex. British Pteridological Society Special Publication No. 13.
Uher, J., 2012. Sanvitalia speciosa in the Horticultural Trade: Unknown Origin, Uncertain Identity but no Sanvitalia. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2012, LX, No. 6, pp. 339–342.
Walker, H. et al., 2012. Important Arable Plant Areas in Norfolk: A preliminary study. Norfolk Biodiversity Partnership and others.
Warren, R & E.W. Johnson. A Guide to the Firs (Abies spp.) of the Arnold Arboretum.
Zwaenepoel, A., 2019 [Name changes within and identification key for the Salix alba/S. fragilis complex in Belgium and the Netherlands.] Dumortiera 113/2019 : 3-20


Web resources

Flora of North America on line: http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1
Global Biodiversity Information Facility: https://www.gbif.org/
Plants of the World online: http://plantsoftheworldonline.org/
Grass Manual on the Web: http://herbarium.usu.edu/webmanual/default.htm
United States Department of Agriculture - Plants Database: http://plants.usda.gov/java/
Aster & Goldenrod keys: http://www.nttlphoto.com/botany/asters-goldenrods/Primer/primer_home.htm
Asters & Goldenrods: http://www.jcsemple.uwaterloo.ca/index.html